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abstract
A new species of the multituberculate genus Microcosmodon Jepsen, 1930 from the Puercan Tullock Formation of Garfield County, Montana is described. Study of a relatively large sample of molars and premolars from both upper and lower dentitions indicates that derived characters distinguishing Microcosmodon from other multitubcrculate genera were developed by the early Paleocene. The presence of the new species suggests that microcosmodontine species richness in the Western Interior was as high at the beginning of the Paleocene as at its end. Phylogenetic analysis of species assigned to the Microcosmodontinae confirms the close relationship originally postulated between Microcosmodon and Pentacosmodon Jepsen, 1940, but indicates that Microcosmodon woodi Holtzman and Wolberg, 1977 does not belong to the genus or subfamily. This is consistent with the hypothesis that microcosmodontines diverged from other cucosmodontids before their dispersal from Asia to North America.
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